基于SpringBoot，结合Redis缓存和RabbitMQ消息队列的站内信系统设计

1. 添加依赖

在pom.xml中添加必要的依赖：

<dependencies> <!-- Spring Boot Starter Web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Spring Boot Starter Data JPA --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- H2 Database (或你选择的其他数据库) --> <dependency> <groupId>com.h2database</groupId> <artifactId>h2</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <!-- Redis Cache --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- RabbitMQ --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> 2. 配置文件

在application.properties中配置Redis和RabbitMQ：

# Redis Configuration spring.redis.host=localhost spring.redis.port=6379 # RabbitMQ Configuration spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost spring.rabbitmq.port=5672 spring.rabbitmq.username=guest spring.rabbitmq.password=guest 3. 数据模型

定义Message实体类：

package com.example.inbox.model; import javax.persistence.*; import java.time.LocalDateTime; @Entity public class Message { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long id; private String senderId; private String receiverId; private String subject; private String body; private LocalDateTime timestamp; private boolean read; // Getters and Setters } 4. Repository接口

创建MessageRepository接口：

package com.example.inbox.repository; import com.example.inbox.model.Message; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; @Repository public interface MessageRepository extends JpaRepository<Message, Long> { } 5. Service层

在Service层中集成缓存和消息队列：

package com.example.inbox.service; import com.example.inbox.model.Message; import com.example.inbox.repository.MessageRepository; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheEvict; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; @Service public class MessageService { @Autowired private MessageRepository messageRepository; @Autowired private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; @Cacheable(value = "messages", key = "#receiverId") public List<Message> getMessagesByReceiver(String receiverId) { return messageRepository.findByReceiverId(receiverId); } @CacheEvict(value = "messages", key = "#message.receiverId") public void sendMessage(Message message) { rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("messageQueue", message); } } 6. 消息监听器

创建一个监听器来处理来自RabbitMQ的消息：

package com.example.inbox.listener; import com.example.inbox.model.Message; import com.example.inbox.service.MessageService; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class MessageListener { @Autowired private MessageService messageService; @RabbitListener(queues = "messageQueue") public void receiveMessage(Message message) { message.setTimestamp(LocalDateTime.now()); messageService.saveMessage(message); } } 7. Controller

创建Controller来处理HTTP请求：

package com.example.inbox.controller; import com.example.inbox.model.Message; import com.example.inbox.service.MessageService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.List; @RestController @RequestMapping("/messages") public class MessageController { @Autowired private MessageService messageService; @GetMapping("/{receiverId}") public List<Message> getMessages(@PathVariable String receiverId) { return messageService.getMessagesByReceiver(receiverId); } @PostMapping public void sendMessage(@RequestBody Message message) { messageService.sendMessage(message); } }